Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma - Clinicopathological diagnosis, management, and literature review

Peripheral cemento-ossifying fibroma (PCOF) is an uncommon, reactive gingival lesion classified under fibro-osseous pathologies. It predominantly affects the anterior maxilla, accounting for approximately 60% of reported cases and is less frequently observed in the mandible. This case report details the two cases of PCOF wherein the patients presented with localized gingival swelling. Histopathological examination demonstrated a hypercellular fibrous connective tissue matrix interspersed with mineralized components resembling bone and cementum. Given the lesion's propensity for recurrence, diligent postsurgical monitoring is imperative. This article aims to provide insight on the clinical presentation, histological characteristics, and management of this rare lesion.