Ballpoint tip as an integrated tool for extraction and ionization: a dual-workflow for rapid screening and...

This study developed a dual screening-quantification workflow based on ballpoint tip liquid-phase microextraction (BT-LPME) for the high-throughput analysis of multiple mycotoxins in edible oils. By integrating BT-LPME with ballpoint tip electrospray ionization (BP-ESI), the method enables the acquisition of high-resolution mass spectrometry data within 30 s per sample, achieving rapid broad-spectrum screening of 254 mycotoxins. For screen-positive samples, the extract from the tip can be retrieved for accurate quantification via LC-MS/MS. Systematic validation using 55 representative mycotoxins confirmed that the screening sensitivity meets regulatory requirements. The quantitative method demonstrated good linearity (r >0.9970) with limits of detection ranging from 0.01 to 10 μg/kg. In real edible oil samples, 78 mycotoxins were detected, most of which are not covered by current regulatory systems, highlighting potential food safety risks. This approach is green, rapid, and efficient, making it suitable for batch risk monitoring of edible oil safety.