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Association between the 30-s chair stand test and peak oxygen uptake in patients undergoing cardiopulmonary exercise
Takatoshi Iwasaki1,2, Yoshiki Hata3
1Department of Rehabilitation, Minamino Cardiovascular Hospital, Japan.
Background:
Peak oxygen uptake (peak VO2) assessed by cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) is the gold standard for evaluating exercise capacity, but its routine use is limited in many clinical settings. This retrospective study investigated the association between 30-s chair stand test (CS-30) performance and peak VO2 and developed a prediction model with internal (Facility A) and external (Facility B) validation.
Methods:
This study initially included 3652 patients who underwent CPET and physical function assessments between January 2020 and December 2025. After excluding 75 patients with a respiratory exchange ratio ≤ 1.04, 3577 patients were included in the analysis. A multivariable linear regression model including CS-30 performance, age, sex, and body mass index was developed using Facility A data and externally validated using Facility B data.
Results:
CS-30 performance was independently associated with peak VO2 after multivariable adjustment. In the external validation cohort, predicted peak VO2 showed a moderate correlation with observed peak VO2 (r = 0.654, p < 0.001), with a root mean square error of 4.73 mL/kg/min and a mean bias of -2.23 mL/kg/min.
Conclusions:
CS-30 performance was independently associated with peak VO2. Although the prediction model showed moderate performance in the external validation cohort, CS-30 may serve as a simple complementary functional assessment associated with exercise capacity in clinical settings where CPET is not readily available.
