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Pseudotyped Viruses As a Molecular Tool to Monitor Humoral Immune Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Via Neutralization Assay
Published on: November 21, 2023
Toward broad-spectrum coronavirus vaccines: navigating viral evolution from past epidemics to future resilience
Muzhuo Wang1,2, Weijie Wang1,2, Zhikai Chen1,2
1Department of Pharmacology,Shanghai Institute of Infectious Disease and Biosecurity, Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology (MOE/NHC/CAMS), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Abstract:
SUMMARYNewly emerged highly pathogenic coronavirus species, including SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2, have successively triggered outbreaks worldwide over the past 25 years. Recently, several MERS-related coronaviruses have been identified from bats or pangolins. These viruses, along with previously found SARS-related coronaviruses, pose significant potential to infect humans and trigger pandemics. Therefore, it is necessary to develop broad-spectrum vaccines that can combat both currently circulating coronaviruses and those that may emerge in the future. Currently, approved COVID-19 vaccines provide strong protection against pre-Omicron variants, while their effectiveness against post-Omicron variants is reduced, and cross-protection against other potential coronaviruses remains limited. In the present review, we discuss vaccine research on SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV prior to the COVID-19 outbreak, as well as vaccine development following the outbreak. We also focus on strategies for developing broad-spectrum coronavirus vaccines and provide a perspective on future directions for coronavirus vaccine development.
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