PET/CT in benign bone disorders: An update

Benign bone disorders encompass a diverse spectrum of nonmalignant conditions, with a varying pathophysiology and diagnostic workup. In recent years, PET/CT imaging has secured a prominent place in the analysis of benign bone disorders, functioning as a diagnostic discriminator and cross-disciplinary tool, rather than as a first-line test. In these patients, substitution of bone scintigraphy by [¹⁸F]NaF-PET/CT is steadily growing, reflecting renewed scientific interest in this tool. Other relevant radiopharmaceuticals comprise [¹⁸F]FDG and, to a lesser extent, [¹⁸F]choline. This review provides an overview of the current status of clinical PET/CT imaging in the workup and follow up of patients with (suspected) benign bone disease, supporting clinical decision-making and guiding future research.