Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 10, 2026

Using Generative Art to Convey Past and Future Climate Transitions
Published on: March 31, 2023
Triton as an archetype for icy ocean worlds: Key scientific drivers for future exploration
Chi Wang1,2, Hui Li1,3, Yuxian Wang1,2
1State Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather, National Space Science Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Abstract:
Ocean worlds (a subset of icy satellites) are among the most promising targets in the search for extraterrestrial habitability and biosignatures. Triton stands out due to its capture from the Kuiper Belt, geological activity, and potential subsurface ocean. This article reviews global efforts in icy satellite exploration and identifies three key scientific themes for Triton: Subsurface Ocean and Habitability, Extent of Interior-Surface-Atmosphere Coupling, and Dynamic Space Environment. We assess the current state of knowledge and highlight critical unresolved questions for future missions. By analyzing the Neptune-Triton system and emerging trends in planetary exploration, we propose scientific investigations and recommendations for future exploration of Triton. Payload requirements are outlined to investigate Triton's potential habitability, subsurface ocean, atmosphere, and surrounding space environment. A comprehensive, multi-instrument, and potentially multi-platform approach is essential to achieve transformative discoveries. This synthesis provides a scientific framework to guide future exploration, particularly informing the planning of China's upcoming deep space missions to ocean worlds.
Related Concept Videos
States of Water
Water freezes when the intermolecular forces are greater than the kinetic energy. Unlike most other substances, water is less dense in its solid state than in its liquid state. This is because each water molecule can form...
Deep Sea Microbial Ecology
The Water Cycle
Conditions on Early Earth
Conditions on Early Earth
Aquaporins

