Cryogen-free superconducting magnetic resonance imaging system: A review

The development of cryogen-free superconducting magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) systems represents a significant milestone in MRI technology. By eliminating the need for liquid helium bath cooling, these magnet systems reduce the volume and weight of MRI machines. This advancement in superconducting magnet technology mitigates the safety risks associated with magnet quenching and lowers operational costs, offering substantial economic benefits. Cryogen-free MRI systems provide considerable convenience for clinical applications and scientific research, representing a mainstream trend in MRI technology advancement. Many research institutions worldwide are advancing various aspects of cryogen-free MRI projects, each tailored to specific application needs. This paper reviews recent progress in the research and development of cryogen-free MRI technology, including design schemes, technical features, and performance results. Furthermore, it presents a perspective on the challenges and prospects of cryogen-free MRI, offering guidance for future research and development in this promising field.