Feeding ability, dietary intake, and gastrostomy satisfaction in children with cerebral palsy: An observational study

Cerebral palsy (CP) often causes motor impairment and comorbidities, including gastrointestinal problems that contribute to undernutrition. This study characterizes feeding capabilities and nutritional needs in Spanish children with CP.

We conducted a multicenter observational study in 10 Spanish hospitals in pediatric patients (4-14 years) with CP classified according to Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level. We collected data on sociodemographic, anthropometric, and nutritional variables. We used the Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS) to assess feeding and drinking dysfunction, and the Structured Satisfaction with Gastrostomy Feeding (SAGA-8) questionnaire to assess caregiver satisfaction.

A total of 112 patients (median age, 9 years; IQR, 7-11 years) were included; 70.5% had GMFCS levels IV-V. Most patients (77.7%) received oral feeding, and oral nutritional supplementation increased with GMFCS severity. The EDACS distribution differed significantly in relation to the GMFCS level, as did the total energy intake, energy expenditure, and daily protein and fat intakes. The dietary intake of vitamin D and selenium and the serum vitamin B12 concentration also differed significantly by GMFCS level. Approximately 80% of caregivers reported high satisfaction with gastrostomy feeding (SAGA-8).

Children with CP differ in feeding ability, energy expenditure, and macronutrient and micronutrient intake in relation to the GMFCS level. Caregivers perceive gastrostomy as a helpful and satisfactory nutritional support strategy.