[Expert consensus on composite co-ablation for pain caused by bone metastases]

Pain caused by bone metastases from malignant tumors is mediated by multiple mechanisms, including direct tumor invasion or nerve compression, release of inflammatory mediators, and peripheral/central sensitization, which severely compromise patients' quality of life and functional status. Composite co-ablation, through alternating cycles of deep cryogenic temperature (-196 ℃) and hyperthermia (80 ℃), offers advantages such as a large ablation volume per probe, lower tissue temperature than conventional cryoablation, a visible ice ball on imaging, and synergistic cryo-thermal effects. This technique achieves rapid pain relief while maximizing preservation of surrounding critical structures. To standardize the clinical application of composite co-ablation for pain caused by bone metastases from malignant tumors, the Radiation Interventional Oncology Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology (CSCO), the Tumor Ablation Therapy Committee of CSCO, the Tumor Ablation Therapy Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, and the Tumor Ablation Expert Working Group of the Chinese College of Interventionalists jointly organized nationwide experts to formulate this "Expert Consensus on Composite Co-ablation for Pain Caused by Bone Metastases", aiming to better guide clinical practice.