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Effect of a Structured Preventive Intervention on Diabetic Foot Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial with
Sol Tejeda-Ramírez1, Aroa Tardáguila-García1,2, Laura Palacios-Abril1
1Diabetic Foot Unit, Clínica Universitaria de Podología, Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Abstract:
To evaluate the effectiveness of a specialist-led structured preventive educational intervention on diabetic foot outcomes in adults at risk of diabetic foot complications.Study designParallel-group randomized controlled trial with an embedded qualitative component.SettingSpecialised diabetic foot unit within a public healthcare setting.ParticipantsAdults with diabetes classified at any ulceration risk level according to the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot were randomly assigned to the intervention or control group. Forty-two participants completed the 6-month follow-up.InterventionsThe intervention group received a specialist-led structured preventive educational programme comprising two structured group sessions in addition to standard podiatric care. The control group received standard podiatric care alone.ResultsForty-two participants completed the study. No diabetic foot ulceration occurred during the 6-month follow-up. Participants receiving the educational intervention improved disease-related knowledge, preventive self-care behaviours, and foot skin quality. Qualitative findings indicated greater confidence, emotional support, and engagement in preventive self-care.ConclusionsA specialist-led structured preventive educational intervention improved disease-related knowledge, preventive self-care behaviours, and foot skin quality in adults at risk of diabetic foot complications. These findings support the integration of structured education into routine preventive diabetic foot care.
