Trimodal Therapy for Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Vagina: A Case Report

Primary vaginal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a rare clinical entity, with few prospective studies regarding its treatment available in the literature. We report a case of a 64-year-old female patient with a two-year history of vulvar itching, burning, and intermittent vulvar bleeding. She was diagnosed with stage III (T2, N1, M0) vaginal SCC. The patient subsequently received chemotherapy with cisplatin, external beam radiation therapy (EBRT), as well as high-dose-rate (HDR) cylinder brachytherapy. She achieved a complete clinical and radiographic response, with no evidence of disease on examination or post-treatment PET at six-month follow-up. This case highlights a multimodal treatment approach for advanced vaginal SCC and contributes to the limited body of literature guiding management of this rare malignancy.