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Updated: Oct 13, 2026
Integrated Bone Formation Through In Vivo Endochondral Ossification Using Mesenchymal Stem Cells
Published on: July 14, 2023
A dual-bioeffect nanoengineered piezoelectric-photothermal hydrogel induces endochondral ossification and promotes
Chang Xu1, Baoxing Tian1, Jie Luo1
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Laser and Aesthetic Medicine, Shanghai Key Lab of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
Introduction:
Critical-sized bone defects remain a major clinical challenge in orthopedics. Current strategies including inert implants and autologous bone grafts suffer from complications like loosening, infection, and donor site morbidity. Piezoelectric and photothermal stimuli synergistically regulate bone regeneration, and black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNSs) possess both effects and biodegradability, but are prone to oxidation and aggregation.
Objectives:
This study aims to develop an injectable biomimetic hydrogel with dual piezoelectric-photothermal bioeffects for minimally invasive and efficient repair of irregular critical-sized bone defects.
Methods:
BPNS@rhCOL1MA composite system was constructed by embedding BPNSs into recombinant human methacrylated type I collagen hydrogel. Physicochemical characterization, in vitro cell assays, transcriptomic analysis, and in vivo validation in a rabbit rib defect model were performed.
Results:
The material exhibited stable network, injectability, and controllable dual-responsive properties. It significantly enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro. Transcriptomics revealed activation of electrical/thermal signal transduction and angiogenesis pathways. In vivo, it markedly improved new bone formation, bone mineral density, and mechanical properties.
Conclusion:
This work first integrates the dual bioeffects of BPNSs with injectable human-derived collagen hydrogel, providing a novel strategy for minimally invasive repair of irregular bone defects.
