[Fishery resource biodiversity and sustainable utilization in mangrove wetlands.]

Mangrove wetlands are important ecotone linking terrestrial and marine ecosystems and provide essential habitats that maintain coastal fishery resource diversity and ecosystem functioning. With increasing global concerns on mangrove conservation and restoration, the protection and sustainable utilization of mangrove fishery resources have become important research topics. We summarized the composition and community structures of fishery biological resources in mangrove wetlands, elucidated the ecological roles of mangrove habitats in sustaining fishery resources, reviewed methodological advances ranging from traditional surveys to emerging technologies such as environmental DNA (eDNA) and remote sensing, and explored the effectiveness of sustainable utilization models, including ecological aquaculture and resource management strategies. Research on mangrove fishery resources has undergone several important transitions, including a shift from resource surveys and production assessments to investigations of ecological functions and ecosystem services, from local community studies to analyses of landscape connectivity and regional ecological processes, and from conventional surveys to integrated monitoring frameworks incorporating eDNA, remote sensing, and intelligent technologies. Resource utilization strategies have shifted from simple exploitation toward the coordinated development of ecological conservation, ecosystem restoration, and fishery production. These transitions indicate that mangrove fishery resource research is moving toward a new stage centered on ecosystem integrity and sustainable utilization. However, insufficient long-term monitoring, limited understanding of ecological processes, and inadequate coordination between conservation and resource management remain major challenges. Future efforts should focus on strengthening long-term monitoring and studies associated with ecological processes, to promote the synergistic development of resource conservation, ecological restoration, and coastal livelihoods.