Lyell´s syndrome associated with the use of topical agents: case report

Lyell's syndrome (LS) is a severe drug-induced cutaneous adverse reaction, associated with high morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a 41-year-old male who, after the use of topical medications, developed fever, maculopapular lesions, ocular and mucosal involvement, with affectation of more than 30% of the body surface area. Cutaneous biopsy ruled out other pathologies. Management included systemic methylprednisolone, aluminum subacetate, topical mupirocin, ophthalmic prednisolone, and ophthalmic hypromellose, with a favorable outcome and without complications. This case highlights the importance of considering topical medications as possible triggers for LS, as well as the need for early diagnosis and timely management. Early identification and a multidisciplinary therapeutic approach are fundamental to improve clinical outcomes and reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this entity.