Protocol for assessing BMP9-induced angiogenic and osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo

BMP9 is an important regulator in angiogenesis, tissue development, and immune response. Here, we present a protocol to examine the regulatory mechanism of unprocessed BMP9 precursor in BMP9 signaling. We describe procedures for assessing BMP9-induced angiogenic and osteogenic activity in vitro and in vivo. We describe steps for their assessment using flow cytometric analysis, C2C12 differentiation assay, chicken embryo chorioallantoic membrane assay, and mouse subcutaneous Matrigel assay. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Zhang et al.¹.