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Bordetella pertussis culture having only species factor 1
Abstract:
Eldering, Grace (Michigan Department of Public Health, Grand Rapids), Jack Holwerda, and Julia Baker. Bordetella pertussis culture having only species factor 1. J. Bacteriol. 91:1759-1762. 1966.-Preston's description of Bordetella pertussis 353-Z as a culture possessing only factor 1 was confirmed by agglutination and agglutinin-adsorption tests. The ld(50) values of this culture for mice inoculated by the intracerebral route were approximately the same as that of B. pertussis 18-323, the challenge culture in mouse potency tests of pertussis vaccine. In mouse protection tests, vaccine prepared with the factor 1 culture protected as well against challenge with B. pertussis 18-323, which has a broad antigenic pattern, as did vaccines made with cultures possessing factors 2, 3, 4, and 5 in addition to factor 1. When two groups of similarly immunized mice were challenged with 353-Z and 18-323, respectively, much lower ed(50) values were obtained with the animals challenged with 353-Z. This was true whether a factor 1 vaccine or a vaccine with factors 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 was tested.
Insights
Bordetella pertussis cultures with only species factor 1 elicit protective immunity comparable to those with multiple factors. This finding is crucial for understanding pertussis vaccine efficacy and development.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
Background:
- Pertussis, caused by Bordetella pertussis, is a significant public health concern.
- Pertussis vaccines are critical for preventing disease, and their efficacy relies on the antigenic components of the bacteria.
- Bordetella pertussis possesses various species-specific factors, with factor 1 being a key component.
Purpose of the Study:
- To confirm the antigenic composition of Bordetella pertussis strain 353-Z.
- To evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a pertussis vaccine derived from a strain expressing only species factor 1.
- To compare the protective immunity conferred by factor 1-only vaccines with traditional multi-factor vaccines.
Main Methods:
- Agglutination and agglutinin-adsorption tests were used to confirm the antigenic profile of Bordetella pertussis strain 353-Z.
- Median lethal dose (LD50) determination in mice via intracerebral inoculation.
- Mouse protection tests using standardized pertussis vaccines and challenge strains.
Main Results:
- Bordetella pertussis strain 353-Z was confirmed to possess only species factor 1.
- Vaccines prepared with the factor 1-only culture demonstrated protective efficacy comparable to vaccines with multiple factors (1-5) against Bordetella pertussis 18-323.
- Lower median effective dose (ED50) values were observed when mice were challenged with the factor 1-only strain (353-Z) compared to the multi-factor strain (18-323), regardless of vaccine type.
Conclusions:
- A Bordetella pertussis culture expressing only species factor 1 can induce protective immunity against pertussis.
- The protective immunity elicited by factor 1-only vaccines is comparable to that of vaccines containing multiple antigenic factors.
- These findings suggest that species factor 1 alone may be sufficient for inducing robust protection against Bordetella pertussis infection.