Does a dedicated optimal power phase enhance performance outcomes in trained athletes? A comparison of periodized...

This study investigated the effects of periodized maximum strength training and combined strength-power training regimens on maximal strength, vertical jump performance, and mechanical power output.

Eighty athletes (62 males, 18 females) from various sports were matched by baseline vertical jump height to four groups: maximum strength training (SQ), strength and power training (JS), isokinetic training (ISO), and a control group (CON). Over a 14-week period, SQ performed block-periodized back squat training, while JS performed jump squats at the individual's optimal power load in the final block. ISO followed an equivalent program using an isokinetic leg press. Pre- and post-tests assessed squat one-repetition maximum (1RM), jump performance (squat jump, countermovement jump, drop jump), and mechanical power output in jump squats and isokinetic leg press tasks.

Significant improvements in absolute and relative 1RM were observed for SQ and JS (p < 0.01), whereas CON showed significant decreases (p < 0.01) and ISO demonstrated no change. Vertical jump height increased significantly only in SQ (p < 0.01). Reactive strength improved in JS at 20-30 cm drop heights (p < 0.05). Mechanical power increased significantly for JS at 40-80% 1RM loads, while ISO showed no meaningful adaptations.

Both maximum strength and combined strength-power regimens elicited improvements in maximal strength and selected power measures, while isokinetic training was less effective. The findings suggest that, over a prolonged period, no statistically detectable superiority of either complete program can be established.