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Updated: Oct 17, 2026

Chronic Salmonella Infection Induced Intestinal Fibrosis
Published on: September 22, 2019
Subverting colonization resistance: Salmonella pathogenesis at the interface of microbiota, metabolism and
Zhixin Gao1,2,3, Zheng Li1,2,3,4, Jianyang Cui1,2,3,4
1Laboratory of Functional Microbiology and Animal Health, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, P.R. China.
Abstract:
The intestinal tract is a key immune organ and microecological system, where colonization resistance (CR) mediated by gut microbiota prevents pathogen invasion. Salmonella disrupts CR via type VI and type III secretion systems (T6SS/T3SS), inducing dysbiosis, inflammasome-driven inflammation, and intestinal barrier damage. This creates a self-reinforcing cycle:dysbiosis alters microbial metabolites, sustains inflammation, and enhances pathogen fitness, favoring chronic infection. This review integrates molecular mechanisms of microbiota disruption, inflammasome activation, and metabolic imbalance to explain how Salmonella overcomes CR. We also highlight microbiota-based countermeasures, including probiotics, natural antimicrobials, and phage therapy, as promising strategies to restore gut homeostasis.
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