Two noradrenergic systems in the brain and their interactions with other monoaminergic neurons

Numerous anatomical, neurophysiological and pharmacological data indicate on the existence of two functionally different noradrenergic systems in the brain: the dorsal bundle and the ventral bundle. It is possible that dorsal bundle inhibits serotonergic neurons whilst tonically stimulates dopaminergic neurons. On the other hand, the ventral noradrenergic bundle seems to exert opposite influences. New theory of affective disorders is proposed.