Acute Transverse Myelitis and Cervical Spondylodiscitis Associated With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: A Case...

Acute transverse myelitis (ATM) is a rare, acquired neuroimmune disorder of the spinal cord that manifests with acute-onset weakness, sensory alterations, and autonomic dysfunction. We report a case of a 56-year-old immunocompetent female patient who presented with fever, flaccid quadriparesis, nuchal rigidity, and markedly elevated inflammatory biomarkers. Blood cultures came back positive for methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the cervical spine demonstrated increased T2 signal between C4 and C7, inflammation of the anterior perivertebral soft tissues between C5 and C7, and pathological tissue in the epidural space between C3 and C7. Additional extensive laboratory and imaging workup was performed to obtain a prompt and accurate diagnostic conclusion, while considering the broad differential diagnosis. Experience gained from this report is important to ensure timely diagnosis and optimal management of this rare clinical entity, as the most significant prognostic factor for a favorable outcome is early diagnosis and appropriate pharmacological treatment.