Experiences of Self-Identified Antenatal Depressive Symptoms Among Expectant Fathers in Northeastern Thailand: A...

Depression is a major global health concern, particularly during the transition to fatherhood. This study explored and described the experiences of self-identified antenatal depressive symptoms among expectant fathers. A qualitative design was used, involving semi-structured interviews with eighteen participants who screened positive for depressive symptoms on the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Participants were recruited from antenatal clinics in eight public hospitals in a northeastern province of Thailand, and all had partners with 12 to 40 weeks of pregnancy. Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory provided the conceptual framework. Most partners were in their second trimester. Data were transcribed and analysed using qualitative content analysis. Six categories emerged: stress and distress during pregnancy; fear, worry, and anxiety; marital distress; emotional changes of partner; readiness for fatherhood; and social support. Expectant fathers described challenges in managing stress and distress but also expressed readiness for their new role. The findings highlight both negative and positive experiences at individual and couple levels. Nurses and midwives should strengthen screening practices and develop evidence-based approaches to support the transition to parenthood. A perinatal, father-focused parenting and mental health program should be developed and evaluated to promote mental health, enhance couple relationships, and prevent depressive symptoms during pregnancy.