Carbohydrate-based organocatalysts: An advanced approach for conventional reactions

Asymmetric synthesis has reshaped modern organic synthesis by empowering conventional organic transformations to construct enantiomerically enriched molecular architecture. Amidst the various catalytic techniques, organocatalysis with the aid of carbohydrate derivatives presents itself as one of the most reliable and flourishing catalytic strategies. Owing to the unique structural and stereochemical features of carbohydrates, along with their adaptable skeleton, biocompatibility and renewable origin, these catalysts are becoming one of the most sustainable and dependable classes of catalysts. Their catalytic competence can be envisioned by the broad spectrum of chemical transformations in which they have induced high asymmetry for a vast array of substrates under mild conditions. This article focuses on exceptional traits of the carbohydrate moiety that result in their extraordinary catalytic ability, together with the vast array of reactions catalysed by carbohydrate-based catalysts with mechanistic insights. It also highlights the significance of carbo-catalysis in expanding green chemistry principles to sustainable and high-performance asymmetric synthesis, enriching the world of drug-discovery and pharmaceutical practices.