A multilingual, multi-country dataset on gardening and biodiversity awareness across Central and Eastern Europe

We present a multi-country and multilingual dataset on garden characteristics, gardening practices, and gardeners' environmental attitudes based on a questionnaire survey conducted across nine Central and Eastern European countries: Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Slovenia. The survey was collaboratively designed and translated into ten languages by native speakers to ensure cultural and linguistic accuracy. It was distributed online through diverse channels, yielding 5511 responses. The dataset enables exploration of relationships between gardening practices and socio-cultural factors at local, national, and regional scales. The questionnaire covered topics such as garden characteristics, management practices, pesticide use, biodiversity-supporting actions, and environmental awareness, offering a comprehensive overview of gardening in the region. The dataset is suitable for cross-country comparisons, machine learning analyses, and the development of indices that quantify ecological value or management intensity. The multilingual questionnaire supports reuse in future studies, facilitating replication or adaptation elsewhere. By making the dataset openly available, we provide a resource for researchers and practitioners interested in urban biodiversity, sustainability, and human-nature interactions.