Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 21, 2026

The Flexible Rhino-Laryngoscope for Awake Nasotracheal Intubation
Published on: August 2, 2024
Indications, procedural standards, and training requirements for flexible nasolaryngoscopy in pulmonology - a Delphi
Ajit Nair1,2,3, Philip G Bardin1,4, Paul Leong1,4
1Monash Lung Sleep Allergy and Immunology, Monash Health, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract:
Flexible nasolaryngoscopy (FNL) is a well-established, minimally invasive procedure for assessing the nasal passages, nasopharynx, and larynx. Its role in pulmonology is expanding, particularly for evaluating vocal cord dysfunction/inducible laryngeal obstruction, chronic cough, and other upper airway conditions relevant to the "united airways" model of care. However, no consensus-based guidance currently exists on the indications, procedural standards, or training requirements for FNL performed by pulmonologists. This protocol describes a modified two-round Delphi study that will survey an international, purposively sampled panel of pulmonologists and otolaryngologists via an online platform hosted by Monash University, using a five-point Likert scale and pre-specified consensus thresholds (≥70% agreement). Findings will be discussed in a structured expert roundtable to support interpretation and contextualization. • Establishes expert consensus on clinical indications and contraindications for FNL in pulmonology practice. • Develops consensus on procedural standards, curriculum, and competency requirements for FNL training in pulmonology. • Identifies priority areas for future research to support integration of FNL into pulmonology services.
Related Concept Videos
Suctioning the Nasopharyngeal Airway
Equipment Required
Endoscopic Studies I: Bronchoscopy and Thoracoscopy
Bronchoscopy
Description
Bronchoscopy is a procedure that involves direct visualization of the larynx, trachea, and bronchi for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A flexible fiber optic or rigid bronchoscope is used to carry out the procedure. The fiber-optic bronchoscope is more frequently used due to...
Tracheostomy Suctioning I: Pre-Procedural Steps
Equipment Required
First, gather all necessary equipment: a sterile suction catheter, a sterile disposable container, sterile gloves, a towel or...
Endoscopic Procedures I: Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
During an EGD, the endoscope can be used to:
Tracheostomy Suctioning II: Procedure
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques
