Virtual Dance Program for Multiple Sclerosis: Feasibility, Quality of Life, and Motor Imagery Outcomes

Abstract.

Dance is a multifaceted physical, cognitive, and social activity and a potentially powerful rehabilitation tool for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Given the physical factors that may limit individuals with MS and the constraints of the COVID-19 era, virtual dance classes overcome logistical barriers and increase accessibility. The aim of this study was to explore the feasibility and effectiveness of a virtual dance program. Primary outcomes included feasibility measures; secondary outcomes included quality-of-life (QOL) effects and motor imagery capabilities.

The sample included 13 adults with MS. Live, virtual classes were held twice weekly for 5 weeks. Data were collected on feasibility measures. Secondary objectives investigated changes in depression, anxiety, pain, fatigue, brain fog, and QOL before and after the class series. Additionally, motor imagery capabilities were evaluated before and after the intervention.

More than 90% of participants completed the series, enjoyed it, felt the virtual platform worked well, and would recommend it to others. This feasibility study did not include a control group, limiting the interpretation of outcomes. Although not statistically significant, the data suggest possible improvement in depression and pain. Finally, motor imagery was less accurate for limbs affected by MS symptoms, a phenomenon known as anisochrony.

This study demonstrated that a virtual dance class for participants with MS is feasible and enjoyable and may improve depression and pain, and ultimately QOL. In addition, understanding motor imagery capabilities in MS may inform future dance class design to promote greater physical progress.