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Updated: Oct 24, 2026

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Published on: June 6, 2025
Maltooligosaccharide-forming amylases improve steamed bread quality and anti-staling effects via coordinated
Fuqiang Gao1, Ying Gan2, Haocun Kong3
1State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Institute of Future Food Technology, JITRI, Yixing, 214200, China.
Abstract:
Steamed bread quality deterioration during storage, especially texture hardening caused by starch structural changes, remains a major challenge in wheat-based fermented foods. This study investigated the effects of maltooligosaccharide-forming amylases (MFAs) with different product specificities on steamed bread quality, fermentation behavior, and starch structural properties. Results showed that all MFAs significantly improved product quality, increasing specific volume by 10.92-15.28% and reducing hardness by 18.68-26.04%, with maltopentaose- (MFAbs-G5) and maltohexaose-forming amylases (MFAbs-G6) exhibiting superior performance. MFAs treatment enhanced starch hydrolysis, increasing fermentable sugars (G1-G3) and maltooligosaccharides (G4-G6), which was associated with improved gas production, retention capacity, and dough expansion. Meanwhile, MFAs reduced molecular weight, altered starch chain-length distribution toward shorter glucan chains, and decreased relative crystallinity. During refrigerated storage, MFA-treated samples exhibited attenuated texture deterioration. After 7 days of storage, the hardness values of the MFAbs-G5 and MFAbs-G6 groups were 71.16% and 73.30% of the control, respectively. Overall, MFAs improved steamed bread quality and storage stability through coordinated regulation of fermentation performance and starch structural characteristics. These findings provide insights into the potential application of product-specific MFAs as enzyme-based improvers for wheat-based fermented foods.
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