Short-term Systemic Chemotherapy for Cervical Vertebral Single-system Single-site Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Single-system single-site Langerhans cell histiocytosis (SS-s LCH) can involve the spine and cause local neurological and structural complications. A 7-year-old boy with SS-s LCH of the fifth cervical vertebra presented with neck pain and torticollis. Owing to osteolytic destruction and concern for cord compression, the patient received 6 weeks of vinblastine and prednisolone. The lesion regressed, and treatment was discontinued after the local risk was reduced. Although an iliac recurrence developed later, the cervical lesion remained under control. This case suggests that response-adapted early discontinuation of chemotherapy may be considered in selected patients with vertebral SS-s LCH.