Case Report: Allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells for severe chronic kidney disease in a dog

This case report explored the clinical improvement and short-term tolerability of allogeneic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) in the treatment of severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs. A 9-year-old female Pomeranian was diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) caused by acute kidney injury and, after conventional treatment failed, received intravenous infusion of AD-MSCs from healthy donor dogs. The AD-MSCs were aseptically collected, isolated, cultured, characterized, and subjected to microbiological safety testing, and were then administered intravenously at a dose of 3 × 10⁶cells/kg every 2 weeks for a total of four infusions, with dexamethasone premedication to reduce the risk of adverse reactions. Following AD-MSC administration and continued conventional care, reductions in serum creatinine and phosphorus and a downward trend in blood urea nitrogen were observed, along with improvements in body weight, body condition score, appetite, and mental status; no adverse events were observed. The results of this case suggest the feasibility and short-term tolerability of allogeneic AD-MSCs for severe CKD in dogs and provide a reference for clinical research on cell-based therapy for canine CKD.