Deep learning-driven fine-resolution finger movement recognition from surface EMG signals

Surface electromyography (sEMG) has emerged as an impactful tool for controlling advanced prosthetic devices by detecting and recording muscle electrical activity during motion. This study presents a unique technique for recognizing nine distinct classes of finger movements by utilizing the Ninapro database. To address an underexplored domain of upper-limb prosthetic control, this research targets fine-resolution individual finger movements rather than the broad range of hand gestures. A custom-made one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) was developed and validated using a within-subject evaluation strategy and signals. The proposed model achieved an overall classification accuracy of 90.1%. An in-depth sensitivity/specificity analysis for each finger movement class was administered to gain key insights into current recognition capabilities. The findings presented in this study demonstrate the viability of fine-resolution finger-movement recognition, offering foundational insights that may inform the future development and refinement of control systems in the prosthetic field.