Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 25, 2026

Versatile CO2 Transformations into Complex Products: A One-pot Two-step Strategy
Published on: November 9, 2019
Hydroformylation of Propylene Using HCOOH as CO Surrogate Without the Consumption of Sacrificial Reagent
Xinrong Wang1, Boyu Zhu1, Meng Zhang1
1School of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Hydroformylation of olefins to aldehydes represents one of the most vital reactions in the chemical industry. Using HCOOH as CO surrogate is a promising method for reducing the use of toxic CO. However, achieving high yields in current studies requires the consumption of anhydride as sacrificial reagent. In this work, the hydroformylation of propylene using HCOOH with the addition of alkali metal salt was reported. In the absence of anhydrides, a conversion of 93.2% and a selectivity of 99.2% for hydroformylation products were obtained. Additionally, the key role of the additive (KCl) was investigated via experimental and DFT studies.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
Analogous to alkenes, alkynes also undergo acid-catalyzed hydration. While the addition of water to an alkene gives an alcohol, hydration of alkynes produces different products such as aldehydes and ketones.
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Acid-Catalyzed Hydration
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the surface of...
Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...

