Using initial states to identify successful El Niño-Southern Oscillation forecasts 1 year in advance

Nandini Ramesh1,2, Mandy B Freund3,4, Damien B Irving5

  • 1Natural Systems Modelling Group, Technology, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Sydney 2145, Australia.

Science Advances
|October 23, 2026
PubMed

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