Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 25, 2026

A Microwave-Assisted Direct Heteroarylation of Ketones Using Transition Metal Catalysis
Published on: February 16, 2020
Alpha-Oxygenation of Ketones Using TEMPO Disproportionation
Madison A Chupela1, Jeremy M Williamson1, Brett N Hemric1
1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Tampa, Tampa, Florida33606, United States.
Abstract:
The alpha-oxygenation of ketones via acid-driven TEMPO disproportionation is reported. This straightforward and robust protocol from simple starting materials exhibits an excellent substrate scope in terms of scaffold substitutions, selectivity, and functional group tolerance, with substrate limitations elucidated and highlighted. Furthermore, the mechanism was probed by way of UV-visible spectroscopy, deuterium scrambling experiments, kinetic isotope effect, and Hammett analysis to illustrate the reaction dynamics.
Related Concept Videos
Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation
The carbonyl center is activated by...
Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones from Alcohols, Alkenes, and Alkynes
Acid-Catalyzed α-Halogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones
In the first step of the mechanism, the acid protonates the carbonyl oxygen resulting in a resonance-stabilized cation, which subsequently loses an α-hydrogen to form an enol tautomer. The C=C bond in an enol is highly nucleophilic because of the electron-donating nature of the –OH group. Consequently, the double bond attacks an electrophilic halogen to form a...
α-Alkylation of Ketones via Enolate Ions
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
Oxidation of Alcohols
The process of oxidation in a chemical reaction is observed in any of the three forms:

