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Updated: Oct 25, 2026

High Resolution Phonon-assisted Quasi-resonance Fluorescence Spectroscopy
Published on: June 28, 2016
Charge-State Dynamics under Phonon-Assisted Excitation in Diamond NV Centers: Implications for Optical Cooling
Haruki Manaka1, Yasuhiro Yamada1
1Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, Inage263-8522, Japan.
Abstract:
Anti-Stokes optical cooling in diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers is investigated using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, time-resolved measurements, and rate-equation modeling. Under excitation below the zero-phonon line, anti-Stokes emission from the negatively charged NV- state appears, but optical excitation also induces charge-state conversion between NV- and neutral NV0. Excitation-dependent PL dynamics reveal a reduction of the NV- population under strong excitation. A minimal rate-equation model constrained by nanosecond and millisecond PL measurements predicts that photoionization suppresses the NV--mediated cooling contribution and leads to self-limiting cooling behavior. The calculations further show that net cooling requires exceptionally high quantum efficiency and does not increase monotonically with excitation density. These results highlight photoinduced charge-state conversion as a key photophysical bottleneck for defect-based anti-Stokes optical cooling.
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