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Updated: Oct 26, 2026

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Carbon Nanotube with Doped Co and N Atoms and its Catalytic Applications in Hydrogen Production
Published on: December 6, 2021
Design Rules for Bimetallic and Multimetallic Nanocatalysts Harnessing Synergistic Effects for Alkaline Hydrogen
Yun-Shan Tsai1, Shang-Cheng Lin1, Cheng-Yu Wu1
1Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan.
Abstract:
Anion-exchange membrane fuel cells offer a promising route for hydrogen-to-electricity conversion under alkaline conditions, yet the anode hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) remains kinetically sluggish. This Review summarizes key mechanistic views of alkaline HOR, including hydrogen binding, hydroxyl binding, bifunctional effects, and emerging roles of interfacial water and solvation. We highlight experimental tools, such as electrochemical adsorption probes and operando vibrational and X-ray spectroscopies, that reveal potential-dependent surface states and interfacial species. We also discuss theoretical approaches, including density functional theory and data-driven models, for evaluating ensemble effects and elementary reaction barriers. Building on these insights, we outline catalyst design principles for bimetallic and multimetallic nanocatalysts, including high-entropy alloys, emphasizing adsorption-strength tuning, ensemble control, and poisoning tolerance. These discussions provide a basis for rational catalyst optimization under practical alkaline fuel-cell conditions. Finally, we propose six future directions to bridge mechanistic understanding and practical catalyst development for durable, device-relevant alkaline HOR catalysts.
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