Dual-Targeted Trimyristin Nanoemulgel Accelerates Burn Wound Healing via VEGFR and FGFR Modulation

Burn injuries remain a major therapeutic challenge due to delayed healing, infection, and poor tissue regeneration. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a trimyristin-loaded nanoemulgel for enhanced healing of second-degree burn wounds. A trimyristin nanoemulsion was prepared by high-energy emulsification and incorporated into a Carbopol-based gel matrix. The formulation exhibited excellent physicochemical stability, sustained drug release, and favorable skin compatibility. Molecular docking demonstrated strong interactions of trimyristin with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR) and Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor (FGFR), with binding affinities of -11.74 and -10.21 kcal/mol, respectively. In vivo studies in Wistar rats showed that the high-dose nanoemulgel achieved 96.2% wound contraction by day 14 and reduced epithelialization time to 11.3 ± 0.6 days compared to 15.8 ± 0.9 days in controls. Histopathological analysis confirmed near-complete tissue regeneration, highlighting the potential of trimyristin nanoemulgel for advanced burn wound therapy.