Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 28, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
Published on: July 10, 2017
Identifying online racism: Longitudinal pathways to depression symptomology among Black adolescents
Stephen M Gibson1, Jerica Knox2, Fantasy T Lozada3
1Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, USA.
Abstract:
Online racism is increasingly becoming a public health concern, with the short-term psychological consequences of online racism on Black adolescents well documented. Although previous investigations have focused on the unidimensional and cross-sectional effects of online racism related to depressive symptoms, our understanding of the multidimensional aspects and longitudinal effects of online racism on depressive symptoms among Black adolescents remains limited. Thus, the current investigation contributes to the growing body of literature on online racism exposure among Black adolescents by exploring the longitudinal changes in the identification of online racism exposure and how it is related to later depressive symptoms. Using a sample of 135 self-identified Black adolescents ranging from 11 to 19 years old (Mage = 14 years; SD = 2.44), the results indicated that an increased positive change in individual ORD exposure and vicarious ORD, but not traumatic events online (TEO), was associated with an increase in depression symptoms at wave 2. Overall, these findings highlight the need to consider how changes in Black adolescents' exposure to online racism over time may shape their psychological well-being and underscore the importance of addressing both direct and indirect forms of online racism as salient developmental stressors for Black adolescents.
Related Concept Videos
Bullying
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
Sources of Self-Esteem III: Social Comparison
Depressive Disorders: Etiology
Biological Factors in Depression
Biological predispositions significantly influence the risk of developing depressive disorders. Genetic studies highlight the role of variations in the serotonin transporter...
Long-term Depression
Calcium Ion Concentration Mechanism
If over time, all...
Long-term Depression