Chiral bone repair materials

Chiral bone repair materials, by mimicking the asymmetric structure of natural bone, provide a new strategy for the treatment of bone defects and have become an important research focus in the field of bone tissue engineering in recent years. This review summarizes the characterization methods of chiral materials and their regulatory mechanisms on cellular behavior, and analyzes the application progress of three types of material systems-chiral inorganic materials, chiral organic materials, and chiral composite materials-in bone defect repair. These materials regulate cellular behavior through surface topology and chemical asymmetry, demonstrating significant advantages in promoting osteogenic differentiation, accelerating angiogenesis, and modulating the immune microenvironment. This provides a theoretical basis and design concept for the development of high-performance bone repair materials, promotes the translation of chiral biomaterials from basic research to clinical applications, and opens new avenues for the treatment of complex bone defects.