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Low-Energy Ti Ion Irradiation-Induced Modifications in CuO Nanowires: Experimental Measurements and Computational
Jingjing Yu1, Yumeng Hu1, Bin Liao2
1College of Physics Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China.
Abstract:
Ion irradiation is a unique approach for modulating the morphology and properties of nanowires (NWs). However, the ion-solid interaction and the microstructural evolution of NWs during ion beam processing remain to be further elucidated. In this work, CuO NW arrays were synthesized by thermal oxidation of copper meshes in an oxygen atmosphere and subsequently irradiated with 80 keV Ti ions at fluences ranging from 1 × 1015 to 5 × 1016 ions/cm2. Iradina simulations were employed to clarify the transport process of energetic ions through the NW during irradiation. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) revealed significant morphological alterations after irradiation, including bending and surface roughening. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) provided a closer examination of individual irradiated NWs, revealing the formation of an amorphous shell on the NW surface. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed that irradiation induced the partial reduction of Cu2+ to lower oxidation states. Furthermore, the irradiated NW arrays exhibited enhanced hydrophobicity, achieving superhydrophobic surfaces with a water contact angle of 155 ± 1.8° at a fluence of 1 × 1016 ions/cm2. The underlying mechanisms behind these surface modifications were systematically analyzed.
