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Updated: Oct 29, 2026

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World
Published on: April 7, 2020
Interactions between daytime sleep and nighttime sleep at 5 and 17 months: Factors from a representative
Gabrielle Fréchette-Boilard1, Amélie Petitclerc2, Sylvana Côté3
1Department of Psychoeducation and Social Work, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Québec City, Québec, Canada.
Objectives:
Associations between daytime and nighttime sleep remain poorly documented in early infancy, a developmental period during which sleep patterns are still consolidating. This study aims to (1) examine the prospective associations between daytime and nighttime sleep duration, and (2) identify child, maternal and environmental characteristics associated with daytime and nighttime sleep duration at 17 months of age.
Methods:
Maternal reports for 3873 infants from the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (2021-2023) were collected at 5 months (T1) and 17 months (T2) in a post-pandemic population-based cohort. Cross-lagged regression models were conducted using MPlus; associations with P < .01 are reported.
Results:
The cross-sectional relations between daytime and nighttime sleep were negative at both T1 (P = .01) and T2 (P < .001). Longer daytime and nighttime sleep at T1 were both associated with longer nighttime sleep at T2 (P < .001). Longer daytime sleep at T1 was associated with longer daytime sleep at T2 (P < .001). However, longer nighttime sleep T1 was not associated with longer daytime sleep at T2. Higher maternal educational attainment, maternal immigrant status, and being a boy were associated with longer daytime sleep at T2. A broader set of maternal and environmental factors, such as younger maternal age, maternal immigrant status, higher weekly screen time at T2, and lower household income were associated with shorter nighttime sleep at T2.
Conclusions:
These results highlight the importance of supporting developmentally appropriate sleep opportunities and addressing contextual factors that may shape early sleep health.
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