Blood-Based Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease: Advances in Detection Technologies and Clinical Applications

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder. Irreversible pathological alterations are already present when clinical symptoms emerge. Therefore, early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for improving patient outcomes and reducing the social and healthcare burden. With its advantages of minimal invasiveness, convenience, affordability, and high accessibility, blood-based testing has overcome the limitations of conventional methods, becoming a major focus of research in early AD diagnosis in recent years. Based on the key domestic and international research findings in recent years, this paper systematically reviews the types, mechanisms of action, and relevant detection technologies of blood-based biomarkers for AD.