Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma Masquerading as a Post-traumatic Subconjunctival Mass: A Case Report

Conjunctival squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the most common malignant tumor of the ocular surface, though it remains relatively rare. It typically occurs within the interpalpebral fissure, predominantly affecting elderly males with significant ultraviolet (UV) light exposure. We present the case of an elderly male in his 60s who developed a subconjunctival mass 1 year following ocular trauma. Initially, the subconjunctival mass was presumed to be of infectious origin, leading to treatment with topical antibiotics and excision. However, the mass recurred, prompting further investigation. Histopathologic analysis of the excised tissue revealed squamous cell carcinoma. Subsequently, the patient was treated with topical 5-fluorouracil, resulting in complete regression of the lesion. This case highlights the importance of considering neoplastic etiologies, even in the presence of an atypical clinical presentation and history. The delayed onset and unusual anatomic location of the mass, following trauma, underscores the need for vigilance in the differential diagnosis of conjunctival lesions, especially in patients with known risk factors such as advanced age and UV light exposure.