Two-Dimensional MXene-Reinforced Polymer Nanocomposites: Synthesis, Multifaceted-Properties, Applications, and Perspectives

MXenes, an emerging class of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbonitrides, nitrides, and carbides, are gaining significant attention due to their unique layered structures and versatile surface chemistries. These characteristics provide them with exceptional properties, making them promising for a wide array of applications. Research indicates that combining MXenes with polymers can further enhance their functional capabilities. This comprehensive overview primarily focuses on MXene-based polymer nanocomposites (PNCs), which are crucial in various research endeavors. The integration of MXene's properties with the insulating, soft, chain-like conformations of polymers leads to the advancement of materials with synergistic properties better than those of individual components. In addition, this study highlights the fabrication techniques for MXene-based PNCs, such as in situ polymerization, melt blending, and solution casting, emphasizing their effective integration. Besides, it discusses recent advancements in these MXene-based PNCs, focusing on their structural, electrical, mechanical, and thermal properties, with particular attention to developing the multifunctionality essential for advanced electronic devices. Furthermore, the diverse applications of MXene-based PNCs, encompassing energy storage (including dielectric capacitors, supercapacitors (SCs), and batteries), sensors (including strain, gas, and humidity sensors), and flame retardants, have been demonstrated. Ultimately, this paper summarizes the key challenges and future perspectives in the fields of energy storage and sensors. It offers valuable insights to guide future research, aiming to enhance the performance and functionality of MXene-based PNCs for the development of next-generation smart and sustainable technologies.