Efficiency of laser-activated and multisonic irrigation systems in removing calcium hydroxide from simulated internal root resorption defects: an in vitro study
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Hande Özyürek1,2, Olcay Özdemir3, Ali Aminimofrad4
1Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Kocaeli Health and Technology University, Kocaeli, 41030, Türkiye. handeozyurek@hotmail.com.
Background:
Complete removal of calcium hydroxide (CH) from resorption cavities remains challenging and requires advanced irrigation techniques beyond syringe-needle irrigation (SNI). This study aimed to compare the efficiency of Er: YAG and Er, Cr: YSGG laser-activated irrigation with multisonic high-speed irrigation using the GentleWave G4 ProControl (GW) in removing CH from standardized internal root resorption cavities, versus SNI.
Methods:
Transparent 3D-printed models with spherical internal resorption cavities (1.6 mm in diameter, located 5 mm from the apex) were filled with CH, and randomly allocated into four groups (n = 20): SNI, Er: YAG, Er, Cr: YSGG, and GW. The time for complete visual CH removal was recorded and analyzed (P < .05).
Results:
GW significantly showed the shortest CH removal time (12.55 ± 1.34 s), followed by Er: YAG (48.02 ± 4.69 s) and Er, Cr: YSGG (46.65 ± 4.41 s), with no significant difference between the laser systems (P > .05). SNI resulted in the longest removal time (141.60 ± 13.32 s) (P < .001).
Conclusions:
Within the limitations of this in vitro study, the GentleWave G4 ProControl was the most effective method, and the laser systems presented promising results compared to SNI. Enhanced fluid dynamics from advanced systems may help reduce chair time; however, given the in vitro design, their potential to support minimally invasive approaches in pediatric endodontics requires confirmation in clinical investigations.