Electrospinning derivative fabrication of MoS₂@rGO/CNF membranes as high-performance anodes for lithium-ion storage

Pure MoS₂ anodes suffer from agglomeration and volume expansion during cycling, resulting in inferior rate capability and poor cycling performance. In this work, well-dispersed GO is utilized as the substrate, upon which MoS₂ is grown. Further structural regulation is then conducted via electrospinning and thermal treatment processes, through which a composite membrane comprising two-dimensional MoS₂@rGO and one-dimensional PAN-derived carbon fibers (MoS₂@rGO/CNF) is successfully fabricated. Based on the systematic characterization, it has been found that multiple carbon fibers are enwrapped by a wrinkled gauze-like rGO, on the surface of which fine MoS₂ particles are uniformly distributed. Benefiting from the rational construction of the MoS₂@rGO/CNF networks and the optimized loading of MoS₂@rGO, the 0.5MG-2/CNF anode delivers a reversible specific capacity of 756.7 mAh g^-1 at 0.1 A g^-1 together with outstanding rate capability (530.2 mAh g^-1 at 1 A g^-1). It retains a specific capacity of 764.33 mAh g^-1 with a capacity retention of 110% after 100 cycles. Meanwhile, the 0.5MG-2/CNF anode is assembled with an activated carbon cathode into a lithium-ion capacitor (LIC), and its performance is evaluated. It achieves a specific energy of 46.75 Wh kg^-1 at a specific power of 300 W kg^-1.