Efficiency of different approaches in teaching tracheal suctioning procedure to caregivers of tracheostomy patients: randomized controlled study

This study focuses on enhancing the supportive care process for patients who have undergone tracheostomy due to head and neck cancers and various clinical conditions. In this context, the effects of a mobile application and simulation-based training on tracheal suctioning knowledge and skills were evaluated in comparison with a control group.

This experimental study employed a pretest-posttest control group design. A total of 77 primary caregivers were randomized sequentially during the study period. Eleven participants subsequently withdrew from the study, and 66 caregivers (22 per group) completed the study and were included in the final analysis. Participants were randomly assigned to simulation, mobile application-based training, and control groups using block randomization. Data were collected using the Introductory Information Form, Tracheostomy Suctioning Knowledge Evaluation Form, Tracheostomy Suctioning Skill Evaluation Form, Evaluation Form of the Training Provided, and Result Evaluation Form. The simulation group received model-based training, while the mobile group used the developed application. The control group received routine bedside training from healthcare professionals. Data were collected at pre-intervention, immediately after training, and on the 30th day post-training.

All assessment scores differed significantly between groups (p = 0.000). The simulation group achieved the highest scores, followed by the mobile group, while the control group had the lowest. Improvements in knowledge and skills were greater at the 30-day follow-up compared to immediately post-training.

Both simulation-based and mobile application-based training significantly improved caregivers' knowledge and skills. While simulation was the most effective method, the 'Trakaspirasyon' mobile application provides a scalable alternative that may enhance patient safety and the quality of home-based supportive care.

ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT05434442. Registration date: 30/11/2023.