Children's and adolescents' health literacy: perspective and development in Italy

This paper examines child and adolescent health literacy in Italy within the context of the country's demographic challenges, socio-political factors, regional inequities and national health service structure. Health literacy, defined as the ability to access, understand and apply health information, is increasingly recognised as crucial for positive health outcomes among young populations.

The authors conducted a comprehensive literature review of Italian initiatives and policies concerning health literacy, focusing specifically on children and adolescents. The review analysed theoretical frameworks and empirical studies to identify patterns and assess the effectiveness of health literacy interventions across Italian regions.

The analysis revealed significant regional disparities in health literacy levels, including a notable north-south divide. Digital health literacy emerged as a critical factor in the effectiveness of treatment among younger populations. Several promising initiatives have been implemented, although barriers include limited resources, cultural factors and difficulties in institutional coordination.

Improving health literacy among Italian children and adolescents requires coordinated policy approaches addressing regional disparities and inequalities in digital access. Future interventions should focus on school-based programmes, parental involvement and the use of digital tools to achieve sustainable improvements in youth health literacy across all Italian regions.