[Perioperative risk management and optimization of anesthesia strategies in day surgery]

Day surgery involves a limited period of in-hospital observation, with most recovery occurring after discharge, placing greater demands on perioperative risk management. As indications expand and more older adults and patients with chronic comorbidities undergo day surgery, risk management must encompass patient selection, anesthesia and analgesia, hemodynamic management, postoperative symptom control, and functional recovery. This article discusses the perioperative risk profile and key considerations for anesthetic management in day surgery, focusing on preoperative assessment, intraoperative anesthetic management, postoperative recovery monitoring, and postdischarge follow-up to reduce postdischarge risk and improve patient safety and the quality of recovery.