Evaluating the Sealing Potential of Different Materials for Perforation Repair: An In Vitro Study

Root perforations pose a significant challenge in endodontic treatment, necessitating effective sealing materials to prevent microleakage and ensure long-term success. Advances in biocompatible materials have led to the introduction of various repair options, including injectable bioceramics and conventional powder-liquid systems. This study compared the performance of injectable materials (Bio-C Repair, Angelus, Londrina, Paraná, Brazil; and Guttaflow Bioseal, Coltène/Whaledent, Langenau, Germany) with the conventional powder-liquid system (Biodentine, Septodont S.A.S., Saint-Maur-des-Fossés, France) in minimizing microleakage in strip perforation repairs. The null hypothesis stated that there would be no significant difference in microleakage among the tested materials.

An in vitro study was conducted using 50 extracted human molars. Root canals were prepared using rotary files, and strip perforations were created in the mesiobuccal canal using Gates-Glidden drills. The teeth were divided into five groups of 10 samples each, including three experimental groups (Biodentine, Bio-C Repair, and Guttaflow Bioseal) and two control groups. We assessed microleakage using the dye extraction method and Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry at 550 nm. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and the Tukey post hoc test, with p < 0.05 considered significant.

Statistically significant differences in microleakage were observed among the groups. Among the experimental groups, Bio-C Repair exhibited the least microleakage, followed by Guttaflow Bioseal and Biodentine.

The findings indicate that injectable root repair materials, such as Bio-C Repair and Guttaflow Bioseal, outperform the conventional powder-and-liquid system of Biodentine in minimizing microleakage. These materials present potential advantages for clinical applications requiring effective root repair.