[Uveitis masquerade syndrome: diagnostic pitfalls and clinical implications]

Uveitis masquerade syndrome (UMS) is an important differential diagnosis of steroid-refractory uveitis; primary vitreoretinal lymphoma (PVRL) is the most frequent malignant cause. This article reports on 3 patients aged 56, 63 and 75 years who were initially misdiagnosed with posterior uveitis and treated unsuccessfully with corticosteroids. Sub-retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) infiltrates partly mimicked macular degeneration. Multimodal imaging, biopsy and molecular analyses confirmed an intraocular lymphoma and two cases involved the central nervous system. The cases highlight the warning signs and the value of interdisciplinary collaboration.