Tailoring isatin based multicomponent reactions: a comprehensive review through catalyst diversity
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Updated: Nov 7, 2026

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Published on: April 7, 2023
Pratibha Chhaperwal1, Sunita Teli1, Shikha Agarwal1
1Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University Udaipur-313001 Rajasthan India pratibhachhaperwal99@gmail.com sahu70200@gmail.com shikhaagarwal@mlsu.ac.in.
Abstract:
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) provide an effective synthetic pathway for promoting the efficient synthesis of complex molecular frameworks. The diverse modifications and versatility in molecular frameworks coordinate with the heterocyclic chemistry. Several heterocycles play an important role in generating enormous diversity in the organic transformations. One such heterocyclic scaffold, isatin (1H-indole-2,3-dione) serves as a privileged skeleton in MCRs due to its unique structural features. A thorough literature survey of the past years revealed the importance of isatin and its utility in MCRs. Inspired by the key contributions of isatin in the field of organic synthesis in the last 9 years (2018-2026), the present work aims to probe its important role in MCR involving different catalytic approaches namely, nano catalysed, microwave-assisted, metal catalysed, acid/base catalysed, microwave assisted, green solvent catalysed, catalyst-free, etc. Furthermore, the review was classified on the basis of number of reactants namely three-, four-, and five- component systems, making it more reader friendly for the researchers in one sight. The discussion explores isatin's crucial and essential contribution to modern heterocyclic chemistry along with catalysis.
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